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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
''Philosophical Transactions'' later ''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society'' (''Phil. Trans.'') is a scientific journal published by the Royal Society. In its earliest days, it was a private venture of the Royal Society's secretary.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Publishing the Philosophical Transactions: the economic, social and cultural history of a learned journal, 1665–2015 )〕 It became an official society publication in the eighteenth century.〔 It was established in 1665, making it the first journal in the world exclusively devoted to science,〔 and therefore also the world's longest-running scientific journal.〔 The use of the word "Philosophical" in the title refers to "natural philosophy", which was the equivalent of what would now be generally called "science".
== Current publication ==
In 1887 the journal expanded and divided into two separate publications, one serving the physical sciences (''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Physical, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences'') and the other focusing on the life sciences (''Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences''). Both journals now publish themed issues and issues resulting from papers presented at the Discussion Meetings of the Royal Society. Primary research articles are published in the sister journals ''Proceedings of the Royal Society'', ''Biology Letters'', ''Journal of the Royal Society Interface'', and ''Interface Focus''.
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